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The southern region of Brazil is one of the five administrative regions of Brazil. It includes the states of Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul and covers 576,300.8 km ². The South Region is the smallest. It is a great tourist, economic, and cultural pole. It has a relatively high standard of living, with the highest HDI of Brazil, 0.875 (2000), and the second highest per capita income of the country, $10,723.60, behind only the Southeast Region. The region also has a 98.7 % literacy rate.